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Cranial nerves 11 and 12    Assessment of both nerves is shown in the image above.                                                                                                Cranial nerve 11 is the spinal accessory and is responsible for head turning and moving the shoulders up and down. Surgical procedures to the head and neck, as well as trauma , may cause damage to this nerve. This could make movement difficult. Cranial nerve 12 is the hypoglossal and is responsible for tongue movement. Damage to this nerve may be caused by a stroke or trauma. Any injury, may  cause the tongue to deviate to the weak side. Enjoy topics for the Layperson                 Nursing advancements

Cranial nerves 8, 9 and 10 Assessment of these nerves is shown in the image above.   Cranial nerve 8 is the acoustic nerve and is responsible for hearing and balance.  An acoustic neuroma may affect hearing and balance.                                         Cranial 9 is the glossopharyngeal and is responsible for swallowing.                                    Cranial nerve 10 is the vagus nerve and is responsible for gagging and          swallowing.   Cranial nerves 9 and 10 are checked together. Following          a brain injury like a stroke, gagging and swallowing may be affected.             Spine at work   

What is TBI. This means Traumatic Brain Injury.  In  the image below, a surfer hits his head on the pier. He sustains a TBI and a Subarachnoid hemorrhage. He was admitted to the ICU for treatment. An EVD was placed by the doctor. Please click on the links for more helpful information:                                                      Medical abbreviations - Part 2                                                         ICP for the layperson

  Cranial nerves 3, 4 and 6 are responsible for extraocular eye movements. All three pairs of nerves work together to create smooth movement of the muscles. they are generally checked together. The largest of the cranial nerves, is the Trigeminal.                  This nerve contains three branches:                 Opthalmic ( corneal blink reflex).                             Maxillary - which supplies the upper jaw                    Mandibular - controls the lower jaw. Cranial nerve 7 - is the facial nerve , this is checked with the trigeminal nerve. Learning for the layperson  

The cranial nerves Each brain has 12 pairs of cranial nerves.They are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).     Cranial nerve 1 is the Olfactory ( smell). Cranial nerve 2 is the Optic ( vision). Learning for the layperson