CLINICAL APPEARANCE OF THE PATIENT IN DKA - QUIZ QUESTIONS

Clinical appearance of the patient in DKA


Scenario: Tom was admitted to the ICU, with the clinical
picture of a patient in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). His blood
glucose was 600. Tom has an altered level of consciousness (LOC).
He also has hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose).
Please watch the video below:
Dehydration

Signs and symptoms of DKA
The patient in DKA requires immediate intervention and a level
 of care like ICU.

Some signs that may appear include:
- Hyperglycemia
- Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
- Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
- Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
- Flushed face
- Breath has a fruity odor
Please enjoy the video:
Patient education

Medical management is necessary for the patient in DKA.
Frequent monitoring of blood glucose, Insulin IV, Potassium
replacements are included in the management.
Learn more:
QUIZ QUESTIONS
1) What are some of the signs of a patient in DKA?
2) How is DKA managed?
3) What is another name for hyperglycemia?

  Insulin - Hormone of the pancreas

 Insulin is a hormone which is produced
in the pancreas by special glands known
as the Islets of Langerhans.

When we eat a meal like hamburger, fries and milkshake,
Insulin is released in the blood stream to control blood glucose.
The liver stores glucose in the form of glycogen. If the pancreas
is not able to produce insulin, diabetes ensues.

Diabetes Mellitus may be Type 1 or Type 2. 



Diabetic complications

Scenario: Sara is a young adult who was diagnosed 
with Type 2 diabetes, about a year ago. She has now
been admitted for visual problems.

Diabetic Retinopathy

Sara's eye exam reveals Diabetic Retinopathy. This 
condition affects the blood vessels in the eye. Poor
vision and possible blindness may result from leaking
and weakening of the blood vessels.

Diabetic Nephropathy

This condition may further complicated diabetes.
Poor renal function and possibly renal failure may
result. Hemodialysis then becomes necessary.

The consequences of poor circulation

The patient who has heart failure,
is also at risk for stroke or renal failure.
The diabetetic patient is also at risk for stroke.
Learn more : Poor circulation




Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

HELPFUL INFORMATION ABOUT AN AORTIC ABDOMINAL ANEURYSM

Image
  Scenario : Mr. S is an elderly male who has a longstanding history of hypertension. He suddenly develops throbbing  pain in the abdomen. He notified his doctor and was admitted to the hospital for tests. A CAT scan would reveal an  Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Surgical intervention for AAA was done emergently. Following surgery, Mr.S was transferred to the ICU  for a higher level of care. During his stay, his vital  signs, neurological, cardiac and respiratory status   would all be monitored. Please click on the links for more learning: Hemodynamic Monitoring Info for the layperson
Read more

CHEST PAIN ASSESSMENT AND EKG - QUIZ

Image
                       Chest pain assessment Chest pain is a very common complaint . It may occur anywhere and anytime, even at rest. It may be related to stress or actual damage to the heart. A patient having a heart attack , may very readily complain of chest pain. Helpful hints : If the patient in your care is complaining of chest pain,   immediate action should be taken to assess the pain. Chest pain may be sharp, severe and stabbing. It may also feel like pressure in the chest or  Like a pair of hands squeezing the chest.  It is important to do a pain assessment on a scale of 1-10 and document results. It is also of note to ask the patient to describe the character  and duration of the pain. Always remember to document all interventions. Follow your Institution's policies, procedures and MD orders for chest pain. Do you know your heart Simple EKG interpretation: The EKG (Electrocardiogram) is a noninv...
Read more

CARDIOGENIC SHOCK - QUIZ QUESTIONS

Image
Myocardial infarction A heart attack is the layman's term for a (MI) myocardial infarction.     It is caused by  a lack of blood supply to the heart muscle. A blood clot  or plaque, may obstruct the flow of blood. This typically occurs in the    patient with CAD (   coronary artery disease) .  Symptoms include:                           chest pain which may radiate to the shoulder and jaw, pressure or                                                                      tightness in the chest, anxiety, nausea, vomiting and shortness of breath.                                              ...
Read more