HORMONES AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - PART 3

 

                                                    The Adrenal glands
The adrenal glands are small endocrine glands and are situated one on top
of each kidney. The hormone adrenaline ( epinephrine) is secreted by the 
adrenals. This hormone is commonly known as  the gland of " fight, flight
and fright".

Aldosterone is also a hormone produced by the adrenals. It has a direct
effect on the kidneys, by stimulating the absorption of sodium and potassium
 by them. This also has an impact on blood pressure.

Scenario : Tim is being admitted to the hospital for a workup. Over the last
few weeks, he noticed unusual symptoms that caused concern. They include:
feeling depressed, nausea, poor appetite, fatigue, and wanting to eat only salty
foods. Tim is going to be examined by the doctor, who will order tests to
determine his diagnosis.


Tim has electrolytes, a CT scan and an ACTH stimulation test ordered.
Tim was diagnosed with Addison's disease. His doctor ordered hormone
replacement therapy.


Quiz questions

1. Where are the adrenal glands located?
2. Which hormones are secreted by the adrenals?


                                                Estrogen and Progesterone

Estrogen and Progesterone are two hormones produced by the ovaries initially,
then the placenta in the latter part of pregnancy. They are first produced by the 
ovaries and later the placenta. Estrogen and Progesterone also keep the placenta
healthy and enhance lactation.

Digestive discomfort may occur as a result of the action of these hormones.


Quiz questions

1. Where are Estrogen and Progesterone produced?
2. What are their functions?









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