DIABETIC ASSESSMENT

What is HNKS?
HNKS stands for Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome.

Who is affected by HNKS?
Patients who exhibit this condition are usually older and have type 2 diabetes.

What are some symptoms of HNKS?
Severe dehydration (due to high blood glucose), mental confusion, hypotension, and seizures may result. 

How is HNKS treated?
Medical management is necessary. Fluid replacement therapy to combat dehydration and correction of electrolyte imbalances are ordered by the doctor.

What is the difference between Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia?
Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar and may complicated diabetes. Hypoglycemia is low blood sugar and may result from insulin being given and mealtime being skipped.

Note for Nurses:
Monitoring blood glucose is an essential part of managing the diabetic patient. Hypoglycemic agents or insulin or both will be ordered by the doctor to meet the patient's needs.


 

Scenario: Tom is a 35 year old male who had open heart surgery two weeks ago. Wound healing has been difficult because his blood sugars have been hard to control. Questions have been raised about family members bringing him snacks. Tom and family will need teaching.

Note for Nurses:
Poor healing is a symptom of diabetes. A nurse should do an assessment on poor wound healing.

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