ADRENAL GLANDS


 

What are the adrenal glands, and what is their function?

The adrenal glands are small endocrine glands which are situated one on top of each kidney. The hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) is produced by the adrenal glands. This hormone is commonly known as the one of "fight, flight, and right".

Scenario 1: Tina is a patient in the ICU. She is on the surgery schedule in the morning. Her family members are at the bedside to comfort her. The nurse did an assessment and vital signs. She noticed that Tina's blood pressure was elevated and heart rate was rapid. Tina is obviously scared. his is just one of a number of ways that adrenaline (epinephrine) goes to work in times of stress. The blood pressure or heart rate may increase due to stimulation of the hormone adrenaline.

 
Scenario 2: Tim is being admitted to the hospital for a workup. Over the last few weeks, he noticed unusual symptoms that caused concern. They include: feeling depressed, nausea, poor appetite, fatigue, and wanting to eat only salty foods. Tim is going to be examined by the doctor who will order tests to determine his diagnosis.

What is aldosterone?
Aldosterone is a hormone which is also produced by the adrenal glands. It has a direct effect on the kidneys by stimulating the absorption of sodium and potassium by them. This also has an impact on blood pressure.

Scenario 2 continues: Tim has electrolytes, a CT scan and an ACTH stimulation test ordered. Tim was diagnosed with Addison's disease. His doctor ordered hormone replacement therapy.

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